

· Crude oil prices continue to edge higher after bottoming out in early May, but stay below $80-86/bl range from Dec ’22 to March ’23.
· Crude oil prices struggle to return to Dec-March levels as concern of slower economic growth outweighs prospect of tighter supply.
· Expectation that any rise in crude oil prices will be limited and slow curbs blenders’ concern about feedstock price pressures.
· Plentiful base oils availability globally gives blenders the flexibility to hold lower stocks.
· Signs of weaker lube demand and high interest rates add to attraction of holding lower stocks.
· Lower lube demand as economic growth slows likely to compound typical seasonal slowdown in lube demand in third quarter of the year.
· Blenders’ switch to maintaining lower stocks and procuring smaller volumes likely to boost frequency of procurement, supporting steadier future demand.
· Change in procurement patterns could boost attraction for refiners to offer option of procuring smaller volumes such as flexibag shipments.