

· US consumer demand holding firm.
· Base oils demand holds firm in US.
· US hurricane season expected to be more active than usual.
· Higher prospect of weather-related supply disruptions add to US buyers’ incentive to secure additional supplies as buffer.
· Brazil’s April lube demand steadies, holding firm.
· Latin America buyers likely to continue to target lower-priced supplies from Asia-Pacific.
· Consumer confidence/services sector in some European economies benefit from post-Omicron pent-up demand bounce, upcoming tourism season.
· Manufacturing output in Europe grows more slowly, facing pressure from supply-chain delays and rising costs.
· Europe lube demand mostly weaker.
· Italy’s April auto lube demand falls for first time this year; industrial lube demand extends drop.
· Spain’s March lube demand falls for second month.
· Austria’s March lube demand falls.
· France’s lube demand rises in March for first time this year.
· Base oils demand steady in Europe, even with mixed lube demand.
· Mixed lube demand, prospect of seasonal slowdown from start of Q3 boosts attraction for European buyers to hold back.
· Overseas buyers that procure from Europe incentivized to source supplies from Asia-Pacific.
· China’s economy set to get boost from relaxation of lockdowns in key population/production centres.
· China’s auto sales gather pace steadily throughout May.
· China's auto sales up more than 30pc in first three weeks of May vs same period in April; contraction slows vs year-earlier levels.
· Rebound in China’s lube demand likely to be less strong than in Q2-Q3 2020 amid pressure from higher prices, closed arbitrage to China, supply-chain bottlenecks, concern about further lockdowns.
· Base oils demand remains weaker in Asia amid resistance to high prices – even though they are lower than prices in other regions.
· Weaker demand coincides with lower retail diesel prices in India.
· Base oils demand in China could get support from stock-replenishment. Domestic prices would need to rise sharply to attract supplies.
· Typical seasonal slowdown in demand in Asia in Q3 likely to be distorted by firmer Chinese demand.
· Any easing of logistical bottlenecks in China could facilitate arbitrage shipments to other regions by cutting pressure on freight rates / boosting freight availability.